Droplet precautions are indicated for diseases spread by large droplets such as influenza and pertussis. Which description best matches the recommended PPE/distance?

• A. Flu and pertussis; surgical mask within 3-6 feet
• B. Measles; N95 respirator
• C. Tuberculosis; immediate isolation
• D. C. difficile; gloves and gown

Answer: (A)

Droplet precautions target infections spread by larger respiratory droplets that don’t travel far, usually within about 3 to 6 feet of the patient. That’s why for influenza and pertussis, the best match is using a surgical mask when you are within that distance of the patient to prevent droplets from reaching your nose or mouth. Eye protection is added if there’s a splash risk, and keeping the patient in a private room when possible helps minimize exposure.

Other scenarios require different precautions because they involve different modes of transmission. Measles and tuberculosis spread via airborne particles, so they require N95 respirators and, in many settings, special rooms with negative pressure. C. difficile spreads through contact with contaminated surfaces or hands, so gloves and a gown are the appropriate protection.

So the description of wearing a surgical mask within 3 to 6 feet aligns with droplet precautions for influenza and pertussis, making it the best match.